President Barzani highlights Kurdish resilience, strong US ties, hopes for peaceful Iran relations, and a prosperous, self-determined future.
In an interview on The Capitol Hill Show with journalist Tim Constantine on May 8, 2025, President Massoud Barzani traced the origins of his family’s struggle to Sheikh Abdul Salam, who was executed by the Ottomans in 1914 for defending Kurdish rights and seeking justice. He emphasized that Kurds have endured immense suffering throughout history, including the Anfal campaigns, genocide, and chemical attacks. Despite these tragedies, the Kurdish people have always remained resilient, hopeful, and determined to achieve their goals. This perseverance, he noted, has shaped the Kurdistan Region’s current achievements, which are built on the sacrifices of thousands of martyrs.
President Barzani reflected on the influence of his father, Mullah Mustafa Barzani, on his character. He recalled that when his father left for the Soviet Union, he was only six months old, and by the time his father returned, he was 12. Despite the long separation, he quickly understood that his father’s journey was for the Kurdish cause. He emphasized that the challenges his family faced shaped his understanding of leadership and struggle.
President Barzani highlighted the historical presence of Kurds in the region, predating many other nations, yet acknowledged the severe oppression they faced, especially after World War I. He noted that the Treaty of Sèvres initially recognized Kurdish rights, but this was reversed in the Treaty of Lausanne, leading to the painful division of Kurdish lands. Despite this, Barzani emphasized that the Kurdish people do not seek to change these borders by force but desire to live peacefully with their neighbors while exercising their rights within existing states. “We cannot be deprived of our rights forever,” he said. He also stressed that despite the challenges, the Kurdish people have remained steadfast in their pursuit of freedom and dignity, relying on their own strength and the sacrifices of their martyrs.
Regarding Syria, Barzani observed that the recent changes were expected, though the speed surprised him. He noted that while the new Syrian leadership has sent positive messages, including a willingness to reach an understanding with Kurds, direct relations have not yet been established. He confirmed that efforts are ongoing to unify the Kurdish position in Syria, pointing to the April 26, 2025, conference in Qamishli as a significant step towards achieving this goal. He expressed hope that the Kurdish people in Syria would be able to secure their rights through dialogue and peaceful means, avoiding further conflict.
On the Kurdistan Region’s relationship with Iran, Barzani acknowledged his personal connection, having been born in the Kurdish city of Mahabad in Iran. He emphasized that while the Kurdistan Region seeks peaceful relations with Iran, it also expects mutual respect and non-interference. “We do not want problems, but we also do not want others to interfere in our internal affairs,” he stated. Barzani noted that despite historical tensions, the Kurdistan Region and Iran share deep cultural and historical ties that should be respected, and he reiterated his desire for peaceful coexistence based on mutual respect.
Discussing US-Iran relations, Barzani expressed hope for dialogue over conflict, emphasizing that peace should not come at the expense of other nations. He noted that the people of the region have suffered enough from decades of conflict and instability. Barzani also addressed former US President Donald Trump’s stance on Iran’s nuclear program, admitting limited understanding of the technical aspects but stressing the importance of dialogue over war. He emphasized that the Kurdish people have always valued peace and stability over conflict, and he hopes the region can move towards a more stable future through diplomatic means.
Reflecting on US-Kurdistan relations, Barzani credited America for its critical support in key moments, including the 1991 no-fly zone and the 2014 battle against ISIS, which allowed the Peshmerga to push back the extremist group. While he expressed appreciation, he also highlighted the ups and downs in the relationship, hoping for even stronger ties in the future. He recalled the critical moments when American support allowed the Kurdish people to defend themselves and rebuild their society, and he expressed gratitude for the continued partnership.
Barzani also touched on the recent Gaza conflict, stressing that America’s role is crucial for peace. “If America cannot resolve this, it is unlikely anyone else can provide a peaceful solution,” he said. He noted that while the Kurdish people have faced numerous challenges, they have always sought peaceful resolutions and dialogue, even in the face of extreme adversity.
When asked about the Kurdistan Region’s economic progress, Barzani credited the people’s resilience and dedication. He recalled the destruction of 4,500 villages by the Iraqi regime before the 1991 uprising and expressed pride in the rebuilding efforts that have transformed Kurdistan into a prosperous region. He emphasized that this progress is a direct result of the people’s commitment to rebuilding their country despite countless challenges.
Education, Barzani stressed, is the foundation of any nation’s progress. He recalled the dedication to education even during the September Revolution, when Kurdish children were taught in caves under bombardment, demonstrating the importance of learning despite harsh conditions. He emphasized that a nation without education cannot progress, and this commitment to education has been a key factor in the Kurdistan Region’s development.
Reflecting on Kurdish culture, Barzani emphasized its rich heritage and resilience, noting that despite political restrictions, Kurds have maintained a strong cultural identity. He expressed his hopes for Kurdish self-determination, acknowledging that while the timeline remains uncertain, the desire for freedom and independence is deeply rooted in Kurdish aspirations.
Barzani also expressed deep respect for former US President George Bush, describing him as a great friend to the Kurdish people. He credited Bush for his support during critical moments, including the 2003 liberation of Iraq, which opened a new chapter for the Kurdish people.
In closing, President Massoud Barzani reflected on his personal journey and leadership, noting that he has always acted according to his beliefs. While he acknowledged the challenges and regrets of hindsight, he expressed pride in the resilience and achievements of the Kurdish people, emphasizing that their struggle has been one of perseverance and hope.
The Kurdish Globe